Words similar to activates
Example sentences for: activates
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Cigarette smoke has also been considered a major player in the pathogenesis of asthma and as a trigger for acute symptoms [ 2 ] . Exposure to cigarette smoke activates an inflammatory cascade in the airway epithelium resulting in the production of a number of potent cytokines and chemokines, with accompanying damage to the lung epithelium, increased permeability, and recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils to the airway [ 3 ] . Even brief exposure to cigarette smoke has been shown to increase expression of IL-8 in primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEs) in the presence of dust mite allergen [ 4 ] . Increased release of the chemokine IL-8 has also been shown for cultured HBEs exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) [ 5 6 ] and diesel exhaust particles [ 7 ] . However, the precise molecular events that bring about these intracellular changes and acute inflammation in lung epithelial cells are not well understood.
Our finding that recombinant HA-NFATp activates transcription in a reconstituted transcription system provided compelling evidence that NFATp is a bona fide activator.
All of these observations are consistent with the idea that upon exposure to T-RA there is an early transcriptional response in which a RARγ2/RXR heterodimer activates genes required for differentiation.
More likely in this cell type the distal accumulation of Fz and other proteins activates a signal transduction pathway that activates the cytoskeleton through a diffusible signal (Fig.
Taken together, these data suggest that overexpression of Cdc5 - but not the putative downstream-most MEN component Dbf2/Mob1 - activates premature release of Cdc14 from the nucleolus.