Words similar to activation-induced
Example sentences for: activation-induced
How can you use “activation-induced” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
AICD = activation-induced cell death; CTLA = cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate; IL = interleukin; PE = R-phycoerythrin; PG = proteoglycan; PGIA, proteoglycan-induced arthritis; SCID = severe combined immunodeficient; TCR = T-cell receptor; TGF = transforming growth factor; WT = wild-type.
First, CD4 +T cells selectively proliferate in response to proteoglycan antigens [ 14 ] . Second, prevention of arthritis can be achieved by in vivo treatment with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies [ 15 ] . Third, arthritis can be transferred to naïve BALB/c or severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice using T and B cells from arthritic animals [ 16 17 18 ] . Fourth, a proteoglycan-specific T-cell hybridoma (T-helper-1 type) can induce arthritis in BALB/c mice [ 19 ] . Finally, CD4 +T cells from arthritic animals are resistant to activation-induced cell death [ 20 ] . These data suggest a breakdown of peripheral tolerance and accumulation of autoreactive T cells in the periphery.
In induced models of autoimmunity, the CD28-B7 interaction has been shown to regulate disease susceptibility by rendering autoreactive T cells anergic, or alternatively by upregulating the threshold for autoreactive T-cell activation [ 30 ] . Furthermore, we previously showed that impaired Fas-mediated activation-induced cell death (AICD) of autoreactive T-helper-1 cells may be responsible for the development of PGIA [ 20 ] . Therefore, AICD and/or T-cell anergy, but not the CD4 +CD25 +regulatory T cells, may be responsible for deletion or inactivation of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune arthritis.
APOBEC1, for example, is involved in the C→U editing of apolipoprotein B mRNA (therein christening the family), while another family member, the activation-induced deaminase, has a vital role in adaptive immunity in that it assists in the diversification of antibodies.
Although adenoviral transduction did not induce detectable activation of resting, naïve CD4 +T cells (Figure 2), we wished to further determine whether transduction altered the activation-induced functions of this population.
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