Words similar to tn-dp
Example sentences for: tn-dp
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There is considerable evidence that thymopoiesis differs in the fetal thymus during the initial creation of the microenvironment, as opposed to adult thymus function (reviewed in [ 47 ] ). Differences have been reported in responses to some cytokines, in signaling at the TN-DP transition in fetal compared to adult thymus, and in proliferation of CD4 +SP thymocytes [ 36 48 49 50 ] . The proliferation profiles of both wild type and Rag -/-fetal thymocytes support the hypothesis that fetal thymocyte maturation is fundamentally different from thymocyte development in the adult thymus.
Cytokines produced by TECs have been shown to promote proliferation in early stages of thymocyte development, and have been proposed to regulate apoptosis and differentiation, although their precise roles remain controversial [ 23 24 ] . TECs have also been shown to promote thymocyte proliferation in SP cells after selection has occurred [ 15 ] . However, a defined role for TECs at the TN-DP transition remains elusive.
Thymocyte proliferation in Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-thymocytes at the TN-DP transition
Mounting evidence suggests that the pre-TCR does not require interaction with a ligand to perform its function, and the subsequent CD44 -25 -(TN4 or pre-DP) to DP transition has been termed "programmed differentiation" to indicate that this step can occur in isolated thymocytes, presumably without input from extrinsic signals [ 25 26 27 ] . However, there is also evidence that the thymic microenvironment does contribute signals required for the TN-DP transition, particularly to promote thymocyte proliferation and apoptosis [ 13 28 29 30 ] . The specific nature and purpose of the TEC contribution during this important transition therefore remains to be determined.
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