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Example sentences for: gadd
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C/EBPα binds to and activates transcription of the gene promoter for the p21 inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) [ 37 ] . This led to speculation that p21 gene activation may contribute to cell cycle arrest by C/EBPα [ 37 ] . Similarly, suppression of mitotic growth during adipocyte differentiation was associated with C/EBPα activation of the promoters of gadd45 (growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 45), gas2 and gas3 (growth arrest-associated genes 2 and 3) [ 5 6 38 39 ] . However, C/EBPα mutants defective in DNA binding still blocked proliferation [ 25 33 ] . This suggested that direct promoter activation was unnecessary, or redundant, for C/EBPα proliferation arrest [ 18 ] .
In preliminary experiments utilizing primary rat neurons, we have also observed an upregulation of GADD153 after mefloquine treatment (unpublished data).
Injured adult DRG neurons do not die after axonal injury [ 15 ] as a result of the upregulation of cell survival factors such as the small heat shock protein HSP27 [ 16 ] . We now find several genes that could have a survival-promoting role, including the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, whose agonists are potent antiapoptotic compounds [ 17 ] , GADD45A, which maintains genomic stability and appears to be anti-apoptotic in neurons after ischemic damage [ 18 ] , metallothionein 1L, which is a free radical scavenger [ 19 ] , GTP cyclohydrolase 1, which is obligatory for the actions of NGF on PC12 cells [ 20 ] , and IES-JE (MCP-1) which attracts macrophages, which in turn have been reported to have a role in neuronal survival [ 21 ] .
Ferret: "There have been attacks reported nationwide, and those attacks have become notorious for their severity and their capriciousness," said hysterical Giuliani appointee John Gadd, not referring to the NYPD.
The Rat Genome U34 array was found to contain probe-sets representing the ER chaperones glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, protein disulfide isomerase, GRP94, calreticulin and endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (EPR29), GADD153 and PERK.
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