Words similar to cdks
Example sentences for: cdks
How can you use “cdks” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Under conditions favoring proliferation, the phosphorylation of pRB via cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in mid-to-late G 1 phase results in liberation of E2F and other pRB-bound transcription factors, which then activate the transcription of S-phase genes [ 19 ] . In late M phase, pRB returns to its growth suppressive, hypophosphorylated form due to the action of a pRB-directed protein phosphatase belonging to the type 1 class of serine/threonine protein phosphatases [ 11 20 21 ] .
In parallel, the expression of cyclin A, an essential component of certain cyclin-dependent kinases and absolutely required for the progression of cells through the cell cycle [ 38 39 ] , was down-regulated under these conditions (Figure 1), consistent with earlier observations [ 27 28 31 ] . Furthermore, expression of the CDK inhibitor p27 Kip1was strongly increased in suspension cells (Figure 1), similar to what has been observed in other cell types after the disruption of cell-matrix interactions [ 29 31 32 ] . Finally, as we have reported before [ 31 ] , the expression of cdk4, one of the catalytic subunits of CDKs, was not significantly altered in suspension culture cells and therefore could be used as a loading control for the Western blot analysis.
CKS1, a small protein that associates with CDKs and greatly stimulates p27 ubiquitylation, was recently identified as a forth SCF SKP2component [ 22 23 ] .
p27 specifically inhibits CDKs, which mediate entry into S phase [ 10 11 ] . The level of p27 is higher in quiescent than in proliferating cells, and this increase in p27 abundance is required for an effective cell cycle exit [ 12 ] . The cell cycle-dependent variations in p27 levels are not reflected by similar changes in p27 mRNA [ 13 ] . Many aggressive prostate cancers display decreased p27 protein levels in the presence of high p27 mRNA [ 14 ] , suggesting that p27 depletion may result from ectopic proteolysis.
It is well known that pRb phosphorylation sites are recognized by specific cdks [ 33], and that most of the 16 pRb-phosphorylation sites are sequentially phosphorylated throughout the cell cycle (reviewed in [ 34, 35]).
Loading...