Words similar to cdk-
Example sentences for: cdk-
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As most of the cells in the larval fat body, salivary gland and midgut are polyploid (reviewed in [ 40]), the array hybridizations are in good agreement with the known function of Cdk-1 .
Mutations in Cdk-1 drive cells that would normally remain diploid into endoreplication [ 39].
It associates specifically with unduplicated centrosomes, and its phosphorylation by CDK-2/cyclin E, the trigger for centrosome duplication, is required for duplication to occur [ 17 ] . The nucleophosmin gene is also known for its fusion with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor tyrosine kinase in cases of this disease with (2;5)(p23;q35) translocations [ 18 ] . The nucleophosmin portion contributes to transformation by providing a dimerization domain, which allows activation of the fused kinase and signal transduction [ 19 ] .
In order to determine if cyclin D 1 plays a role in this hyperplasia, kidneys from three proteinuric 40-day old transgenic siblings and three non-transgenic littermates were stained by immunohistochemistry with antibody to phospho-pRb (Ser780), a site of cyclin D 1 /CDK-4/6 phosphorylation not targeted by cyclin E/CDK-2 complexes that disrupts pRb/E2F binding for G 1 → S progression [ 24 ] . Figure 1depicts the intense, heterogeneous nuclear staining of glomerular podocytes and tubular epithelium from hyperplastic nephrons in the diseased transgenics versus the absent staining of nephrons in the non-transgenics consistent with the very low mitotic index in normal kidneys of adult animals [ 26 ] . This suggests that cyclin D 1 is promoting cell-cycle progression during the proliferation of epithelium in diseased kidneys.
Here, we demonstrate that podocytes expressing HIV-1 genes display the hallmarks of cyclin D 1 -dependent cell-cycle progression, specifically, that cyclin D 1 transcript and protein expression are markedly up-regulated, and that levels of phospho-pRb (Ser780), a target of cyclin D 1 /CDK-4/6 but not cyclin E/CDK-2 complexes [ 24 ] , are induced in vitro and in vivo.
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