Words similar to substrate
Example sentences for: substrate
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It has been proposed that vitamin E may incorporate into cellular membranes by association of the tocopherol side chain with the polyenoic fatty acid residues in the membrane fatty acids [ 15 19 ] . This interaction may stabilize cell membranes by making highly unsaturated fatty acids less liable to peroxidation as well as by making highly unsaturated fatty acids less available for phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase [ 15 16 ] . The latter action may reduce mobilization of arachidonic acid (AA) from the membranes and in this way reduce the amount of AA available as a substrate to cyclooxygenase and/or lipoxygenase to produce eicosanoids with mitogenic and with inflammatory properties [ 17 20 ] . Other possible antitumor actions include: induction of apoptosis, interference with hormone production, modulation of cellular signaling and gene transcription, and induction of differentiation [ 4 21 22 23 24 ] .
Nostoc has frnE (encoding a thiol-disulfide isomerase) inserted between tyrA (p) and aroB . Four subclasses of tyrA are defined according to the substrate specificities of the TyrA gene product: tyrA p , specific for prephenate; tyrA a , specific for arogenate; tyrA c , accepts either prephenate or arogenate; and tyrA (p) , has broad specificity but exhibits a distinct preference for prephenate.
In wells containing a substrate that is oxidizable, a burst of respiration occurred and the cells reduced the tetrazolium dye forming a purple color.
Samples of known numbers of cells from the cell lines and recombinant, purified Tag prepared from a baculovirus lysate [ 40 ] were loaded on 10% polyacrylamide discontinuous mini-gels (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and electrophoresed conventionally [ 41 ] . Gels were then electrophoretically blotted [ 42 ] onto PVDF membrane (Bio-Rad) without methanol for 15 min at 100 V. Tag was visualized by immunostaining with PAb416 and alkaline phosphatase conjugated secondary antibody (Sigma) using chemiluminescent detection with CDP-Star substrate according to the manufacturers directions (Tropix, Bedford, MA).
Its place is occupied by its single substrate, L-δ-(α-aminoadipoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine, whose carboxyl sidechain interacts with the conserved basic residue similarly to the OG-carboxylate in the other enzymes of this superfamily [ 9, 10].
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