Words similar to osteoclast
Example sentences for: osteoclast
How can you use “osteoclast” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
The molecular signals required for osteoclastogenesis have recently been elucidated [ 1 4 5 ] . Receptor-activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL), a tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligand expressed by stromal cells, osteoblasts, and activated T cells, binds to its cognate receptor-activator of NFκB (RANK) receptor on macrophages/monocytes, inducing a signal that gradually transforms the macrophages into osteoclasts over a period of several days [ 6 7 ] . While this interaction occurs largely in the bone microenvironment, it has been shown that monocytes from the spleen, peripheral blood, and synovium are all capable of RANKL-dependent osteoclast formation [ 8 ] . Convincing evidence has been generated indicating that the RANK-RANKL interaction is absolutely required for osteoclastogenesis [ 7 ] ; in the absence of these molecules, osteoclastogenesis cannot occur [ 9 ] .
Together these data show that pretreatment with RANKL increases resistance to IFN-γ-mediated osteoclast inhibition in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.
In contrast, Wei et al . have demonstrated that pre-osteoclasts do not lose their potential to differentiate into mature osteoclasts following a similar exposure to IL-4 [ 50 ] . It thus appears that IFN-γ anti-osteoclast activity is mediated by inducing terminal differentiation away from the osteoclast lineage, while IL-4 directly interferes with RANKL signaling during osteoclastogenesis.
Girasole et al have recently shown that production of IL-6 is inhibited in vitro by exposure of marrow cells to 17β-estradiol; cultures of mouse bone cells showed suppressed osteoclast development when exposed to either 17β-estradiol or a neutralizing antibody to Il-6 [ 31].
7 (RAW cells) or splenic macrophages from CBA/BL6 mice as osteoclast precursors.
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