Words similar to neurotransmitters
Example sentences for: neurotransmitters
How can you use “neurotransmitters” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
PLD1 is an extracellular signal-activated phospholipase; its activity rises when receptors for certain hormones, growth factors, neurotransmitters, cytokines, and other mediators are activated, and upon treatment of cells with phorbol esters (reviewed in [ 7 8 ] ). Studies using recombinant PLD1 tagged with green fluorescent protein or Flu-epitopes indicate that it is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, late endosomes, and plasma membrane ( [ 6 ] , reviewed in [ 7 ] ). In vitro, basal PLD1 activity is usually low and can be stimulated by a variety of factors, including phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP 2 ), protein kinase C (PKC), and several small GTPases, e.g.
Cells communicate with each other in various ways, such as by secreting and receiving diffusible molecules (morphogens, hormones, and neurotransmitters) or by establishing intercellular connections (gap junctions and cell protrusions) to allow a direct exchange of instructive factors.
Differences in smooth muscle layer thickness, however, do not always satisfactorily explain why in some instances, including stimulation of postganglionic nerve terminals, veins are more responsive than corresponding arteries [ 3 4 5 6 ] . Although differences in the type and amount of neurotransmitters, receptor density and/or sensitivity for neurotransmitter action, or signal transduction mechanisms that couple membrane receptors to the contractile elements have been proposed to underlie the functional distinctions between capacitative and resistive regions of the mesenteric circulation, the possibility that mesenteric artery and vein convey distinct expression levels of contractile proteins has not been ruled out.
There are multiple neurotransmitters whose receptors are coupled to PKC-dependent activation of PLD [ 7 ] , and thus this mode of regulating the availability of choline for ACh synthesis is likely to be widespread.
This pattern of labeling is suggestive of the terminal fields of afferent neurotransmitters and corroborates previous reports of MIF terminal labeling in the brain [ 7 ] . However, the staining was diffuse and individual nerve fibers (such as is the case with afferent neurotransmitter immunohistochemistry, for example, substance P) were not identified.
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