Words similar to inactivated
Example sentences for: inactivated
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Nonetheless, E2F is inactivated and/or downregulated upon progression to S phase, a regulatory feature that appears critical as E2F overexpression or ectopic activation induces apoptosis both in mammalian cells and in flies [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] . Inactivation of the DNA-binding activity of E2F-1 by the cyclin A/Cdk complex has been shown to be critical for proper S phase progression [ 16 ] . In mammalian cells, E2F-1 is also subject to proteasome-mediated degradation [ 17 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 ] and recent evidence indicates that E2F-1 degradation occurs in S phase [ 20 ] . Control of E2F-1 stability has also been linked to its association with the F-box protein Skp2 [ 20 ] but this has not been tied to a specific phase of the cell cycle.
All ES cell lines were cultured on mitotically inactivated primary embryonic fibroblasts in ES cell medium supplemented with recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as described elsewhere [ 27].
In the trans reaction the nucleic acids within permeabilized DHBV cores were degraded by micrococcal nuclease, and then the nuclease was inactivated by addition of EGTA.
Taken together, these studies suggest a complex network of positive and negative regulatory pathways controlling key virulence genes in S. pyogenes that can be activated or inactivated in response to certain biological pressures in the infected host.
Based on the results obtained, we were able to determine the most active compounds, that is, compounds at 50 μg/mL that inactivated the virus completely (no plaques seen) (Figure 2).
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