Words similar to endothelin-
Example sentences for: endothelin-
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Several of these changes are maladaptive in the sense that they contribute to the generation of the abnormal sensations that constitute neuropathic pain, by producing ectopic spontaneous activity into the CNS, altering synaptic drive, increasing excitability and diminishing inhibitory action in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and by making novel synaptic contacts with inappropriate neurons [ 1 4 ] . A number of the injury-regulated genes we describe here may contribute directly to this altered sensory processing; CB1 receptor, VGF, the phospholemman ion channel, SNAP25 A, endothelin-1 and the ligand-gated 5-HT3 receptor (Table 4, see additional file 3).
Endothelin-1 is a vascular hormone, which may play a role in the generation and maintenance of heart failure [ 18 ] . In hypertensive patients, doxazosin lowers von Willebrand factor commensurate with blood pressure, but it does not lower high levels of endothelin-1 while atenolol does [ 19 ] .
Recently, it has been noted that the JNK and p38 pathways can be activated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists, notably angiotensin II, in vascular smooth muscle cells [ 19 20 ] . In cardiac myocytes, both the p38 and JNK pathways have been activated by endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the α 1 adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine [ 21 ] . The ability of the JNK and p38 pathways to be activated by the same agonists of G-protein coupled receptors which activate the ERK pathway led to the investigation of 5-HT as a possible activator of the JNK and p38 pathways.
For example, it has been shown that biliary epithelial cells synthesize nitric oxide, a strong vasodilator [ 12 ] , and endothelin-1 [ 13 ] , a potent vasoconstrictor.
, [ 27 ] reported that endogenously-expressed LPA and endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptors in SK-N-MC cells do not activate ERKs unless the EGFR is co-expressed, although each GPCR is functional as evidenced by their ability to increase intracellular [Ca 2+].
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