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Example sentences for: dsrna
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Over the last decade, RNA interference (RNAi), mediated by short interfering double-stranded RNA molecules (siRNA or dsRNA), has been gradually recognized as a major mechanism of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in species as diverse as plants, Drosophila, and C. elegans [ 1 ] . Recently, 21-nucleotide long dsRNA molecules corresponding to specific mRNA sequences, when introduced into mammalian cells in culture, have been shown to be highly effective in degrading the cognate mRNAs and thus abrogating the expression of the corresponding proteins [ 2 ] . Although the exact mechanism of PTGS is currently unknown and is an area of intense research, the successful use of this phenomenon in cultured mammalian cells has raised the exciting prospect that it can be used as a simple strategy for phenotypic ablation of mammalian gene function ex vivo without the time-consuming and expensive construction of transgenic animals.
It is to be noted that a chemical is generally considered a promising pharmaceutical if it is effective at sub-micromolar concentrations, (ii) The effect is highly specific: dsRNA against one viral mRNA did not affect other viral mRNAs or the cellular genes tested here.
The anti-F dsRNA also had no effect on P protein levels, suggesting that such dsRNAs do not activate a general antiviral response that might abrogate all viral mRNA translation.
In this regard, the dsRNA technique is akin to a temperature-shift experiment using a temperature-sensitive mutant virus, however, as implied earlier, conditional lethal mutations are not available for the vast majority of viral genes.
In Drosophila, RNAi can be initiated by injection of dsRNA into embryos, and this has allowed identification of novel phenotypes for genes during development [ 34].
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