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Example sentences for: dsdna
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Meiotically induced, Spo11 (Rec12)-dependent double-strand DNA (dsDNA) breaks have been demonstrated in budding yeast and fission yeast [ 12 13 14 15 ] . Spo11 almost certainly catalyzes these breaks, as it shares high homology with the A subunit of Topoisomerase VI of Sulfolobus shibatae [ 16 17 ] and it becomes linked by a phosphotyrosine linkage to the 5' end of the cleaved DNA [ 18 19 20 21 ] . Spo11 homologs have been identified in a wide range of eukaryotes, and available evidence suggests that initiation of meiotic recombination via Spo11-dependent dsDNA break formation is conserved [ 22 23 24 25 ] . Our results with the fission yeast S. pombe fully support this view (see results and discussion).
The simplest interpretation is that Rec12 functions in a multisubunit protein complex; a complex in which other components are required either for efficient catalysis of dsDNA breaks or for correct subcellular localization of Rec12.
This may suggest that the possible role of Ruv protein is making a break into dsDNA [ 33 ] .
The recE gene product of the Rac prophage converts dsDNA ends into 3' protruding single-stranded form and the recT gene product promotes recombination by annealing them with a homologous DNA in its vicinity (for review, see [ 7 8 ] ). This recombination may result in one progeny DNA (non-conservative recombination) or two progeny DNAs (conservative double-strand break repair) [ 9 ] . In a recBC sbcBC background, a ds end stimulates homologous recombination that results in only one progeny DNA (non-conservative recombination) [ 10 ] . Analysis of the stimulation of recombination by replication (for review, see [ 11 ] ) and analysis of altered chromosomal replication (for review, see [ 12 ] ) led to the proposal that a chromosomal ds break formed during replication fork arrest triggers homologous recombination, which would reconstitute a replication fork (for review, see [ 5 ] ).
Thus, with regard to primary protein sequence (Figure 1), inferred subunit structure (Figure 2and data not shown), strict requirement for meiotic recombination (Figure 2, Table 1), and dependence upon its active site tyrosine (Table 1), Rec12 protein is a structurally and functionally conserved member of the Spo11 family of enzymes that catalyze meiotic dsDNA cleavage to initiate recombination [ 11 ] .
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