Words similar to up-regulated
Example sentences for: up-regulated
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binding of phosphorylated p27 to SKP2 [ 20 21 ] . SKP2 is down-regulated in resting cells with stable p27, but strongly up-regulated in cells, which progress into S phase [ 27 28 ] . In some tissue culture cells, overexpression of SKP2 is sufficient to induce p27 degradation and S phase entry [ 29 30 31 32 ] , and can cooperate with ras in transformation [ 33 34 ] . Significantly, overexpression of SKP2 has been observed in many cancer cell lines [ 28 35 ] as well as in primary cancer specimens and many of these tumors also display down-regulation of p27 [ 33 36 37 38 ] .
However, the nuclear localization of 8-OH-dG [ 32 ] and the increased Ogg1 reported here are consistent with a model in which mitochondrial Ogg1 is up-regulated but nuclear Ogg1 is not, leading to an increase in nuclear but not mitochondrial 8-OH-dG adducts [ 32 ] . Further studies will be required to resolve this issue, but β-cells in type 2 diabetes may well suffer from both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage, leading to decreased β-cell function and eventual loss of β-cell mass.
The first, mesothelin, was up-regulated by Wnt-1 both by stable expression of Wnt-1 in C57mg cells and by co-culturing C57mg cells with Wnt-1 secreting cells.
Moreover, HIV-1-infected podocytes, but not control-infected podocytes, had readily detectable phospho-pRb (Ser780) at the end of the differentiation period, suggesting that the stably up-regulated cyclin D 1 protein remained active in promoting cell-cycle progression (Figure 2B).
Since we sought to detect genes that were up-regulated in the human host cell line, HEL 299, in response to P. carinii infection, it was surprising that none of the three selected PCR product bands were of human origin.
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