Words similar to sterols
Example sentences for: sterols
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Plant sterol metabolism has been extensively evaluated in different rat strains, but the accumulation of plant sterols occurs only in SHR, SHRSP and WKY rats.
Although similar amounts of cholesterol and plant sterols are present in the typical human diet, the intestine of normal subjects provides an efficient barrier against the absorption of the majority of plant sterols [ 3 ] . On average, < 1-5% of dietary plant sterols are absorbed and retained compared with ~55% of dietary cholesterol [ 3 34 ] . Thus, in healthy individuals, there exists an exquisite mechanism that allows the body to distinguish between cholesterol and non-cholesterol sterols.
A number of different groups have reported that genetically hypertensive strains of rats (SHR, SHRSP, WKY) have elevated levels of plasma sitosterol [ 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ] . Although the WKY strain is not considered hypertensive, dietary alterations involving plant sterols appear to increase blood pressure in this strain [ 21 ] . We screened two commercially available hypertensive rats, as well as a 'genetically hypertensive' strain, GH, for plasma plant sterol levels and compared these to two control strains, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar (Table 4).
However, a literature search revealed that a few strains of rats, studied primarily for investigation of hypertension and stroke, have been reported to be sitosterolemic as well [ 15 16 ] . We hypothesised that these rat strains may be mutated in either Abcg5 or Abcg8 . Tissue (and plasma) plant sterol levels in the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) were significantly higher than in Wistar and WKA rats fed either a regular chow diet or diets that have higher plant sterols and these were correlated with increased death, or red cell hemolysis etc. [ 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ] . Dietary sterol absorption rates were increased, with a decrease in sterol excretion [ 16 ] , characteristics similar to that observed in sitosterolemic patients.
The WKY rat also carries this mutation and a high dietary intake of phytosterols will also increase the blood pressure and decrease the density of platelets, though to a lower extent than that observed in SHRSP rats [ 20 ] . These data support a pathological role of elevated plant sterols in these rats and support the notion that the STSL loci evolved to not only allow for the excretion of cholesterol into bile, but also to keep 'xeno-sterols' from accumulating in the body.
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