Words similar to phages
Example sentences for: phages
How can you use “phages” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Genes from each class, that is, native genes, potentially transferred genes (LTG), IS and phages, of the four groups of bacterial genomes ( Escherichia , Salmonella , Helicobacter , and Streptococcus ) were then retained for codon-usage analysis when their lengths were greater than 150 base-pairs (bp) to avoid artifacts linked to stochastic variations that might happen in shorter genes.
Most of the acquired genes have no known functions, though a few are annotated as membrane proteins, phages or IS.
These include the cell-wall hydrolases typified by the Pal protein from streptococcal phages [ 24, 25] and the amidase domain of the bacterial and kinetoplastid GSPS [ 26].
Some of the morons have been shown to be related to other bacterial genes, suggesting that they may at first have been host genes integrated in the phage genome [ 22 ] . These genes may then have diverged rapidly because phages are known to have evolutionary rates orders of magnitude higher than those of bacteria [ 25 ] . Morons seem rarely to confer a direct advantage on the phage, but rather stabilize the host-prophage interaction by slightly increasing host fitness [ 20 ] . Therefore, they may undergo weaker selection pressure than genes directly involved in the phage life-cycle and be more sensitive to the mutational bias inherent to parasitic sequences [ 13 ] . From our results, it appears that whatever the nature of the organism in which the gene was first recruited, its compositional characteristics no longer represent its previous genome context.
The isolated cDNA-bearing phages were rescued to plasmids according to the manufacturer's instruction.
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