Words similar to phagocytes
Example sentences for: phagocytes
How can you use “phagocytes” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
The ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria to infect and replicate inside host mononuclear phagocytes is key to its ability to establish an infection and cause tuberculosis.
It is normally cleared from the blood by macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system predominantly localized in the liver [ 1 ] . Acute endotoxemia, characterized by excessive levels of endotoxin in the blood, can lead to endothelial injury, hypotension, multi-organ failure and death [ 1 ] . Endotoxin-induced tissue injury is associated with an inflammatory response and an accumulation of phagocytes at sites of damage.
The phagocytes of such patients are deficient in their capacity to kill organisms by oxidative means because of a defective NADPH oxidase [ 17 18 ] . B. cepacia also poses a threat to patients with CF, either cocolonizing those already infected with P. aeruginosa or as the sole infecting agent [ 2 18 ] . Although rates of colonization can vary widely (between 5 and 70%), B. cepacia is isolated from sputum in only 10%-20% of patients with CF [ 2 3 ] . B. cepacia , a very diverse species, has been divided into several "classes" of bacteria, i.e., genomovars, collectively referred to as the B. cepacia complex.
COX-2 is an inducible enzyme upregulated in inflammatory states [ 20 21 ] . Notably, many NSCLC and what have been characterized as "premalignant" lung lesions have been shown to constitutively express the COX-2 enzyme and produce prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2), the primary product of the COX-2 pathway [ 22 23 24 25 26 ] . Importantly, PGE-2 production by tumor cells has been linked to tumor-induced immunosuppression in NSCLC [ 2 3 4 5 ] . PGE-2 has been shown to directly suppress T cell mediated immunity, the primary effector against tumor cells, at a variety of levels [ 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] . Further, PGE-2 has been shown to induce the IL10 in mononuclear cells [ 4 5 ] . IL10 is a prominent immunosuppressive cytokine that may have a dominant role in preventing innate antitumor responses in the NSCLC environment [ 2 3 4 5 ] , [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ] . Among myriad suppressive effects on T cells and antigen presenting cells, IL10 is known to inhibit IL12 production [ 14 15 16 17 18 ] . IL12 plays a key role in the initiation and potentiation of cellular immune responses and alteration of the IL12 producing function in circulating mononuclear phagocytes may be a critical factor in suppressed T cell immunity to NSCLC [ 27 28 ] .
Apart from standardized measurement of PGE-2 as a marker for disease, a biologically relevant aspect of elevated PGE-2 would be in the association with altered immune profile of mononuclear phagocytes, specifically IL10 induction.
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