Words similar to pcv
Example sentences for: pcv
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The natural phenomenon of spontaneous mutation, which occurs in the absence of drug selection, results in the accumulation of approximately six to eight TK-deficient variants per 10 4plaque-forming viruses in virus populations that have never been exposed to selective pressure [ 6 10 12 ] . Furthermore, HSV-2 clinical isolates were shown to have a higher frequency of spontaneous mutations resistant to ACV and PCV, approximately 30-fold, compared to HSV-1 isolates, and the majority of these mutations are in tk . Consistent with this observation, HSV-2 strains also exhibited approximately a 20- to 80-fold higher spontaneous mutation rate to cidofovir (HPMPC), an inhibitor of HSV Pol, resistance compared with HSV-1 [ 21 ] . Therefore, these naturally-occuring mutations are not unique to tk and TK substrates as detected with antiviral agents ACV and PCV, but were extended with the direct Pol inhibitor, HPMPC, to other loci, most likely pol .
Resistance to acyclovir (ACV) or penciclovir (PCV) generally arises by a single base mutation in either the HSV thymidine kinase (TK) or DNA polymerase (Pol) gene [for a review, see reference [ 5 ] ]. Unlike Pol, TK is not essential for virus replication in cell culture [ 7 ] , although in vivo analyses implicate it in HSV virulence, pathogenicity and reactivation from latency [ 4 8 16 22 ] . Since ACV and PCV are dependent upon HSV TK for monophosphorylation, an event obligatory for the formation of the active triphosphate inhibitor [ 14 ] , ACV risolates often exhibit high levels of cross-resistance to PCV [ 2 3 ] .
40% PCV rvirus, which equates to an average of 3.1 ACV rand PCV rviruses per 10 3PFU.
PCV and FCV were synthesized at GlaxoSmithKline.
Vero (ATCC, passage 15-20), MRC-5 (ATCC, passage 12-15) and PolB3 (kind gift of D. Coen, Harvard University, Boston MA) cell lines were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and incubated at 37°C, 5%CO 2 . PolB3 represents a Vero cell line constitutively expressing the HSV-1 Pol [ 17 ] . PCV was synthesized at SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals.
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