Words similar to overexpressed
Example sentences for: overexpressed
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In later stages of tumorigenesis, TGFβ can act as a stimulator of invasion and metastasis [ 3 ] acting directly on the tumor cells or inducing angiogenesis and facilitating local and systemic immunosuppression, respectively [ 4 ] . For example, TGFβ may stimulate the expression of proteases such as uPA, MMP-3 or MMP-9, enzymes frequently overexpressed in invasive tumor cells [ 5 6 ] .
The observed intracellular membrane (ER) localization and proteasome inhibitor-induced juxtanuclear aggregate accumulation (aggresome) is consistent with that reported for other proteins being degraded by such a pathway [ 18 24 ] . When treated with proteasome inhibitors, overexpressed wild type α i2 also accumulates in aggresome-like structures (Figure 7), suggesting that Gα may normally be degraded by a proteasome-dependent pathway.
Binding assays showed that overexpressed HA-tagged Pip1p specifically associated with co-overexpressed 6xHis-Myc-tagged Ubc1p, Ubc7p, Ubc11p, Ubc12p, Ubc13p, Ubc14p, and Mms2p.
The generation of Hoxc-8 transgenic mice and the characterization of their phenotype have been published [ 1 ] . Briefly, Hoxc-8 expressing mice are generated in a binary transgenic mouse system [ 44 ] by crossing a transactivator strain (harboring a transgene in which expression of the transcriptional transactivator VP16 is under control of the Hoxc-8 promoter; [ 45 ] ) to a transresponder strain (that carries as a transgene the Hoxc-8 cDNA linked to the ICP4 immediate early gene promoter, which is silent in mice in the absence of VP16; [ 45 46 ] ). Upon combination of both transgenes, the Hoxc-8 transresponder transgene is activated, and Hoxc-8 becomes overexpressed [ 23 ] . This system also allows the generation of transgenic mice with increased gene dosage by superimposition of transgene loci to homozygosity [ 23 44 ] . For the studies reported here, we used the T239 transactivator and the IE-c8-254 transresponder strains.
The transient character of these responses may explain the failure to cause efficient S phase entry in the presence of MIB, in particular as co-expression of cyclins was previously shown to synergize with SKP2 in stimulating CDK2 activity and S phase entry [ 30 31 ] . In addition, cyclin A is frequently overexpressed in prostate cancers [ 51 ] . In future experiments, it will be interesting to determine the effect of combined overexpression of SKP2 and cyclin A and cyclin E on cell cycle progression of MIB-arrested cells.
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