Words similar to beta-blockers
Example sentences for: beta-blockers
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Physical dependence, evidenced by the development of a withdrawal syndrome when a medication is suddenly withdrawn, is not evidence of addition [ 30 ] . Similar outcomes occur in the presence of exogenous hormones and other medications that act through cellular receptors (eg, estrogens, beta-blockers, alpha-2 agonists, caffeine, etc.).
The use of other beta-blockers cannot be ascertained from the data.
For example, only 21% of survivors of myocardial infarction are treated with beta-blockers by their primary care physician, despite the fact that expert consensus panels consider this omission a serious medical error.
The National Academy of Science's Institute of Medicine reported that our health care delivery system continues to suffer from many deficiencies, such as use of beta-blockers in only 50% of patients with myocardial infarction [ 32 ] . The percentage in dialysis patients is similar [ 2 ] . Setting targets and achieving them are quite different things.
One common method of inference from observational data is the cohort study with an adjustment for risk factors using, for example, regression models [ 1 ] and propensity scores [ 2 ] . In some situations, estimates from high-quality cohort studies have been similar to those from randomized trials [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . However there are some notable exceptions, including studies of the effect of beta-carotene on cardiovascular mortality [ 6 ] [ 7 ] , the effect of hormone therapy on the rate of cardiovascular disease [ 8 ] , the effect of epidural analgesia on the probability of Cesarean section [ 9 ] , the effect of beta-blockers on mortality [ 10 ] , and the effect of aspirin on the risk of colorectal cancer [ 11 ] . Some of the discrepancy between the results of these high quality cohort studies and randomized trials may be explained by differences in the intervention, patient population, or duration of follow-up.