Words similar to adenylate
Example sentences for: adenylate
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These inhibitory actions of 4-AP on adenylate cyclase activity, StAR expression and steroidogenesis may reflect drug-induced changes in the intracellular concentrations of K +and Cl -and the GC resting membrane potential.
In particular PPK and PPNK can utilize Poly(P) to synthesize nucleoside polyphosphates, while PPK along with adenylate kinase can carry out polyphosphate-dependent phosphorylation AMP [ 33 34 35 ] . Hence, it is likely that the CYTH domain proteins participate directly in this biochemical network along with these proteins.
On the other hand, it has been previously demonstrated that direct activation of adenylate cyclase by Forskolin or cholera toxin, inhibition of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase, and treatment with a cell permeable cAMP analog, induces a rise in intracellular cAMP [ 22 23 24 25 26 ] . Since cAMP is known to modulate the expression of CD8 in mice [ 27 ] , we sought to determine whether cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)-mediated signaling plays a role in modulating the mRNA levels of CD3, CD4, and CD8 in ex vivo examined human thymocytes.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are a family of class 3 G protein-coupled receptors with important functions in the regulation of synaptic transmission, plasticity, neuronal excitability, and the regulation sensory transduction [ 1 2 3 4 5 ] . The eight mGluRs (mGluR1-8) and their splice variants have been divided into three groups (I-III) based on sequence homology, pharmacology and G protein coupling profiles [ 3 6 7 ] . Group II (mGluR2 and 3) and III (mGluR4, and 6 through 8) couple negatively to adenylate cyclase through activation of the G i/o family of G proteins [ 8 ] . Group I mGluRs (mGluR1 and 5) couple to multiple G proteins in native and heterologous systems, and have been observed to couple to G q/11 , G i/o and/or G s [ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ] . mGluRs appear to be important mediators of synaptic transmission in the brain.
These include: a Hh-protein-blocking antibody, 5E1 [ 23 ] ; a natural product derivative, cyclopamine [ 9 10 ] that has recently been shown to act downstream of Ptc, perhaps at the level of Smo [ 11 ] ; a recently identified synthetic small-molecule inhibitor, Cur61414, which has inhibitory properties similar to cyclopamine [ 17 ] ; and forskolin, an adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A activator that is thought to block Hh signaling by stimulating degradation of members of the Gli family of transcriptional activators [ 2 ] .
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