Words similar to transactivator
Example sentences for: transactivator
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The generation of Hoxc-8 transgenic mice and the characterization of their phenotype have been published [ 1 ] . Briefly, Hoxc-8 expressing mice are generated in a binary transgenic mouse system [ 44 ] by crossing a transactivator strain (harboring a transgene in which expression of the transcriptional transactivator VP16 is under control of the Hoxc-8 promoter; [ 45 ] ) to a transresponder strain (that carries as a transgene the Hoxc-8 cDNA linked to the ICP4 immediate early gene promoter, which is silent in mice in the absence of VP16; [ 45 46 ] ). Upon combination of both transgenes, the Hoxc-8 transresponder transgene is activated, and Hoxc-8 becomes overexpressed [ 23 ] . This system also allows the generation of transgenic mice with increased gene dosage by superimposition of transgene loci to homozygosity [ 23 44 ] . For the studies reported here, we used the T239 transactivator and the IE-c8-254 transresponder strains.
As shown in Figure 2A, 24 hr incubation with doxycycline in the medium has no appreciable effect on endogenous PP1α protein expression in the untransfected parent cell line (UMUC3) or a cell line transfected with the reverse tetracycline transactivator plasmid pUHD172-1neo only (LLWO1).
Hoxd-4 transgenic mice were generated using the same transactivator strain crossed to the IE-d4-70 transresponder strain [ 1 ] . Maintenance and genotyping of transgenic mice was done as described before [ 1 23 ] . Unless otherwise noted, cells and samples were obtained from animals hemizygous for both transgenes.
Calcium-dependent Ca 2+ /calmodulin kinase activity is also upregulated by slow motor neuron activity, possibly because it amplifies the slow-type calcineurin-generated responses by promoting MEF2 transactivator functions and enhancing oxidative capacity through stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis (Wu et al.
The main USF isoforms USF1 (43 kDa) and USF2 (44 kDa) are ubiquitously expressed and encoded by separate genes [ 9 10 11 ] . In addition, more isoforms of USF2 are produced due to alternative splicing and utilization of different translation start sites [ 12 13 ] . USF factors exist as homo and heterodimers, and the heterodimer of USF1/USF2a seems to dominate, although there are cell-type specific variations [ 12 ] . USF1 and USF2 show different transactivating potential, and USF2 appears to be the functional transactivator of the GIRE complex, although both USF1 and USF2 are important for sustained dietary-induced expression of the fatty acid synthase gene in liver [ 14 ] .
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