Words similar to thymocytes
Example sentences for: thymocytes
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Mounting evidence suggests that the pre-TCR does not require interaction with a ligand to perform its function, and the subsequent CD44 -25 -(TN4 or pre-DP) to DP transition has been termed "programmed differentiation" to indicate that this step can occur in isolated thymocytes, presumably without input from extrinsic signals [ 25 26 27 ] . However, there is also evidence that the thymic microenvironment does contribute signals required for the TN-DP transition, particularly to promote thymocyte proliferation and apoptosis [ 13 28 29 30 ] . The specific nature and purpose of the TEC contribution during this important transition therefore remains to be determined.
There is considerable evidence that thymopoiesis differs in the fetal thymus during the initial creation of the microenvironment, as opposed to adult thymus function (reviewed in [ 47 ] ). Differences have been reported in responses to some cytokines, in signaling at the TN-DP transition in fetal compared to adult thymus, and in proliferation of CD4 +SP thymocytes [ 36 48 49 50 ] . The proliferation profiles of both wild type and Rag -/-fetal thymocytes support the hypothesis that fetal thymocyte maturation is fundamentally different from thymocyte development in the adult thymus.
The abnormal cell death and proliferation patterns in the Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutant fetal thymocytes might be caused in part by observed reductions in the transcription levels of the cytokines IL-7 and SCF produced by TECs.
has shown that this reduced proliferation is not intrinsic to Rag mutant thymocytes, but rather is secondary to thymic microenvironment defects in Rag mutants [ 37 ] . Our results show that at fetal stages, Rag mutant thymocytes have a proliferation profile that is much more similar to wild type thymocytes at the same stage, with less than a 2-fold difference in the percentage of proliferating cells at any stage.
On murine T cells and thymocytes, CD81 costimulates T cell receptor-mediated activation, through a pathway independent of CD28 [ 16 ] . On human T cells, CD81 costimulation results in increased IL-2 production and LFA-1-mediated T-B cell adhesion [ 17 ] . Murine CD81 also appears to play a role in thymocyte maturation as shown in fetal thymic organ cultures [ 18 ] .
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