Words similar to regulating
Example sentences for: regulating
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More than one third of genes regulating apoptosis were both inducible and had mRNA half-lives of less than 2 hours.
In the preantral follicles, only the membrana GC expressed BMP-6 mRNA, consistent with a role of the oocyte in regulating GC BMP-6 expression (Fig.
cPLA 2 is phosphorylated by mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases, including p42/p44 ERKs and p38, on Ser 505in vitro [ 16 17 ] and in response to receptor stimulation [ 16 18 19 20 21 ] . In addition to phosphorylation by MAP kinase, it has been shown that cPLA 2 is also phosphorylated on Ser 727by MAPK-interacting kinase I (MNKI) [ 22 ] and on Ser 515by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II [ 23 ] . Phosphorylation of these sites may also play a role in regulating cPLA 2 function in certain cell models.
These previous results, together with the current data, indicate that both MCP-1 and IL-8 play major roles in regulating the trafficking of myeloid cells into inflammatory sites.
Two molecular loci recently have been implicated as potential modulators of GnRH receptor signaling: one is the receptor itself [ 23 ] , and the other is the G protein that transduces the signal generated by binding of the receptor to its agonist [ 9 ] . With respect to the former locus, G protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) act in an agonist-specific manner to phosphorylate intracellular regions of the receptor thus permitting β arrestin binding that sterically inhibits G protein association with the receptor [ 1 45 ] . We have reported previously that experimental expression of GRKs in GnRH receptor-expressing heterologous cells (COS-1) suppressed GnRH-stimulated IP 3 production, and that co-expression of GRK2 and β-arrestin 2 suppressed GnRH receptor signaling more than that of either alone [ 23 ] . Stronger evidence that the GRK/β arrestin paradigm may play a role in regulating GnRH receptor signaling is our recent finding that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of GRK2 into normal pituitary gonadotropes suppressed GnRH-stimulated LH secretion and IP 3 production [ 31 ] . However, no evidence has been presented for a direct interaction between β-arrestin and the GnRH receptor.
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