Words similar to oncogene
Example sentences for: oncogene
How can you use “oncogene” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
One of the hallmarks of cancer includes the accumulation of mutations in key genes, namely DNA repair genes [ 4 ] , tumor suppressor genes [ 5 6 ] , and proto-oncogenes [ 5 6 ] , accompanied by the loss of the wildtype allele, resulting in loss of heterozygosity [LOH, see reviews by [ 7 8 9 ] ]. Pancreatic cancer, which results in the death of approximately 30,000 Americans annually and is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortalities in the United States, exhibits this hallmark [ 10 ] . For example, in pancreatic cancer there is a high incidence of mutations (>50%) in the tumor suppressor genes p16, p53 and DPC4 and approximately 90% of cases coincide with a mutation in the oncogene K- ras 2 [see review by [ 11 ] ]. Furthermore, a significant percentage of tumors harboring a mutated copy of DPC4 or p53 also lose the corresponding wildtype allele, resulting in LOH [see reviews by [ 11 12 ] ].
GSK3β-dependent phosphorylation of p53 at serine 33 may be part of other p53-regulatory pathways, such as oncogene activation or apoptosis, which are not directly activated by DNA-damage.
Anti-p53 antibody is a monoclonal mouse anti-serum against p53 of human origin, and recognizes both wild-type and mutant p53 (Ab-6, Oncogene Science, Manhasset, NY).
Primary antibodies were obtained from commercial sources for detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, Oncogene Science, Cambridge, MA) and actin (Sigma).
The cyclooxygenase pathway and NSAIDs have been implicated in pancreatic carcinogenesis, as elevated levels of COX-2 mRNA and protein have been detected in pancreatic carcinomas relative to histologically normal cells [ 14 15 16 17 18 19 ] . Further, both aspirin [ 20 21 22 ] and other NSAIDs [ 19 ] have been shown to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in vitro . Recent studies have also reported an association between oncogenic ras and COX-2 expression [ 23 24 ] . Since pancreatic tumors tend to exhibit a high frequency of K- ras mutations [ 25 ] , the relationship between the K- ras oncogene and COX-2 should be explored further in vivo.
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