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Example sentences for: nucleatum
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Other discrepancies are placement of the three Streptococcus sequences (Low GC Gram-positive Bacteria) with the Actinobacteria and the placement of Aquifex aeolicus (basal in the 16S rRNA-defined bacterial clade) and F. nucleatum within the Low GC Gram-positives (Figures 2and 3).
We selected it for this study because it is rapidly bactericidal, functions well at elevated physiological salt concentrations such as those that may occur in the CF lung, and has a broad spectrum of activity [ 21 22 23 ] . PG-1's antiparallel β-hairpin structure and antimicrobial activity in physiological and elevated salt concentrations are maintained by its two intramolecular cystine disulfide bonds [ 21 24 25 26 27 28 ] . The antimicrobial spectrum of PG-1 includes Chlamydia trachomatis , Candida albicans , Escherichia coli , Fusobacterium nucleatum, Haemophilus ducreyi , Listeria monocytogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Prevotella intermedia , P. aeruginosa , and Staphylococcus aureus [ 20 22 25 29 30 31 32 ] .
Similar gene transfer events from the low GC Gram-positives to F. nucleatum could also have occurred, but with an arsC sequence only available from a single member of the Fusobacteria it is difficult to draw conclusions.
The 16S rRNA based phylogenetic tree (Figure 1) generally matched the accepted 16S rRNA model with clear separation of the two prokaryotic domains and the subsequent divergence of Eukarya (represented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) from Archaea [ 31 ] . Minor inconsistencies such as Ralstonia solanacearum (β-Proteobacteria) forming a deep branch within the γ-Proteobacteria, or Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fusobacteria) and Leptospira interrogans (Spirochetes) grouping loosely with the Gram-positive Bacteria are likely the result of the limited data set used (they were the only representatives of their respective phyla that had listed arsC genes) and do not challenge established relationships.
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