Words similar to modulators
Example sentences for: modulators
How can you use “modulators” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
This supports the model that all of these small-molecule modulators of Hh signaling are direct ligands of Smo.
ERα enhances AP-1 activity in response to estrogens, [ 28 29 ] but ERβ inhibits AP-1 activity in response to estrogens [ 29 30 31 ] . ERβ also completely suppresses ERα activity at the cyclin D1 promoter and even suppresses the activity of an ERα mutant that is selectively superactive at AP-1 sites and CREs [ 29 ] . Finally, ERβ shows a unique capacity to enhance AP-1 activity in response to selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) such as raloxifene, tamoxifen and ICI 182,780/Faslodex (ICI) [ 30 31 32 ] . Together, these observations suggest that there are fundamental differences in the way that the ERs bind unspecified cofactors that modulate gene expression, and that some of these cofactors must play a role in differential ER activity at AP-1 sites.
In our system, the biological effects of Hox genes in chondrocytes can be modulated by external factors, and this finding points to the importance of gene-environment interactions as modulators of Hox gene function.
Furthermore, this supports the data showing that the agonist can activate signaling in Shh -/-embryos (Figure 3) and suggests that the agonist function is not only downstream of the Hh protein but also independent of the endogenous Hh-signaling modulators, Tout veloux and HIP, that act via the Hh ligand [ 2 ] . The competition experiment with forskolin showed identical inhibition curves for Hh protein and the agonist, strongly suggesting that the action of the small molecule is upstream of the protein-kinase-A-sensitive step in the pathway.
They are structural and functional modulators of extracellular matrices that play important roles in CNS development and repair.
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