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Example sentences for: mgmt
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Although statistically not significant, all the patients whose tumors showed promoter methylation of MGMT (4 tumors) and BRCA1 (5 tumors) genes DOC within 1-21 months of follow-up after the initial diagnosis.
The primers used for methylated and unmethylated-specific PCR for genes RARB , TIMP3 , CDKN2A , p14 ARF , MGMT , DAPK , CDH1 , GSTP1 , APC promoter 1A, RB1 , MLH1 , TP73 , BRCA1 , FHIT , and HIC1 have been described previously http://pathology2.jhu.edu/pancreas/prim0425.htm#MSP; [ 34 35 36 37 ] . For additional genes, we designed the following gene-specific primers for methylated (MF and MR) and unmethylated (UF and UR) sequences according to Herman et al [ 33 ] :
We have previously shown that subsets of resistant tumors exhibit TP53 gene mutations and chromosomal amplifications [ 6 ] . However, the role of MGMT in GCT sensitivity or resistance to chemotherapy is not known.
MGMT -F 5'-GCACGAAATAAAGCTCCTGG-3' (124-143 bp)
3 region to which RASSF1A maps undergoes deletions in many solid tumor types, including GCTs [ 9 ] . RASSF1A encodes a splice variant of human RAS effector homologue, which interacts with the XPA protein and functions as a negative regulator of cell growth [ 16 17 ] . RASSF1A has been shown to be inactivated by promoter methylation in a variety of tumor types [ 16 17 18 19 ] . The 17q21 and 17p13 regions, to which BRCA1 and HIC1 map, respectively, also have been characterized by high frequency of LOH in GCT [ 9 ] . The BRCA 1 gene plays critical roles in DNA repair and recombination, cell cycle checkpoint control, and transcription and has been shown to be hypermethylated in breast-ovarian cancer [ 4 ] . The HIC1 gene is also often hypermethylated in many human cancers [ 20 21 22 ] . The DNA repair gene MGMT encodes O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and this enzyme effectively removes DNA adducts formed by alkylating agents [ 23 ] . Epigenetic inactivation of the MGMT gene was reported in a wide variety of cancers [ 24 25 ] . Also, a low frequency of methylation of the APC , RARB , and FHIT genes was detected in NSGCTs.
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