Words similar to lipodystrophy
Example sentences for: lipodystrophy
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In addition to DCM with conduction system disease and variable skeletal muscle involvement, mutations in the Lamin A/C gene [OMIM 150330] have been shown to cause autosomal dominant [ 11 ] and autosomal recessive [ 12 ] Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD), autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD) [ 13 ] , autosomal recessive type 2 Charcot-Marie Tooth type 2 [ 14 ] , familial partial lipodystrophy [ 15 16 ] , Mandibuloacral dysplasia [ 17 ] and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria [ 18 ] . The phenotypic spectrum from DCM to EDMD and limb girdle muscular dystrophy appears continuous.
No differences between the APV600/RTV and APV1200 treatment arms were observed regarding the frequency of drug-related grade 1-4 adverse events (44% vs 45%), frequency of discontinuing treatment due to adverse events (7% vs 8%), incidence of hyperglycemia (1 vs 0 patient), nonspecific lipodystrophy (1 vs 0), buffalo hump (1 vs 0), or hypercholesterolemia (1 vs 0).
Potential mechanisms for altered adipocyte function include, direct binding to PPARgamma or inhibition of transcription of PPARgamma promoter [ 37 ] . The lipodystrophy syndrome may be a result of the inhibition of 2 proteins involved in lipid metabolism that have significant homology to the catalytic site of HIV proteases; namely cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding protein type 1 and low density lipoprotein-receptor-related protein [ 38 ] . An additional mechanism of PPAR down-regulation may be related to Tat expression in latent cells.
Finally, patients with AIDS who are receiving therapy with HIV-1 protease inhibitors have been reported to be afflicted with a syndrome characterized by lipodystrophy (fat redistribution favoring the accumulation of abdominal and cervical adipose tissue), hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance.
Amprenavir (APV) is a potent protease inhibitor (PI) that is used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of antiretroviral-naïve and -experienced adults and children with HIV infection [ 1 2 3 4 5 ] . APV offers the convenience of twice-daily (BID) administration with no food or fluid restrictions [ 6 7 ] . Preclinical and clinical data suggest that APV has a lower potential to cause lipodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities than other currently available PIs [ 8 9 10 ] . APV has a distinct resistance profile that permits it to be considered as a treatment option for either PI-naïve or PI-experienced patients [ 11 ] . In a 64-week trial in treatment-naïve patients (NZTA4002; n = 302), APV 1200 mg, administered BID (APV1200) with one abacavir 300 mg tablet and one lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg combination tablet (Combivir ®), was as effective as nelfinavir 750 mg three times daily plus Combivir BID, with regard to the proportion of patients achieving HIV-1 RNA <40 copies/mL at week 64: 77% vs 66% (as-treated analysis) [ 12 ] . However, many patients in this trial withdrew prematurely because of adverse events that may have been, in part, related to the high pill burden (16 large 150 mg soft-gelatin capsules daily) associated with APV dosing and excipients contained in the APV formulation available at the time of the trial.
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