Words similar to hydrolysis
Example sentences for: hydrolysis
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1 cells, without constitutively active ERKs, AA release is delayed after [Ca 2+] i mobilization, and is temporally correlated with ERK activation [ 40 ] , whereas in MDCK cells with constitutively active ERKs, AA release is rapid, with significant AA release measured 30 s after [Ca 2+] i increase [ 15 ] . This temporal correlation between AA release and ERK activation has also been reported in CHO cells in response to PAF stimulation [ 35 41 ] . These results support the observations made here that ERK activity is required for phospholipid hydrolysis independently of cPLA 2 translocation.
It has been proposed that vitamin E may incorporate into cellular membranes by association of the tocopherol side chain with the polyenoic fatty acid residues in the membrane fatty acids [ 15 19 ] . This interaction may stabilize cell membranes by making highly unsaturated fatty acids less liable to peroxidation as well as by making highly unsaturated fatty acids less available for phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase [ 15 16 ] . The latter action may reduce mobilization of arachidonic acid (AA) from the membranes and in this way reduce the amount of AA available as a substrate to cyclooxygenase and/or lipoxygenase to produce eicosanoids with mitogenic and with inflammatory properties [ 17 20 ] . Other possible antitumor actions include: induction of apoptosis, interference with hormone production, modulation of cellular signaling and gene transcription, and induction of differentiation [ 4 21 22 23 24 ] .
In the case of pNPP hydrolysis, others have reported both saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl coenzyme A esters stimulate PP5 activity, with concentrations required for half-maximal stimulation approximately 10-fold lower than those of their corresponding free fatty acids [ 21 ] . We therefore tested whether a saturated fatty acyl coenzyme A ester could also stimulate Ppt1p.
Tubes could be obtained by assembly in GDP, but it seems that when assembled in GTP the impaired hydrolysis favors the straight conformation.
This short strand of polypeptide, which we call the "synergy" loop, apparently contacts the GTP molecule of the subunit beneath it in the protofilament and contributes essential residues to the hydrolysis mechanism.
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