Words similar to hoxa

Example sentences for: hoxa

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Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-compound mutants had decreased transcription of both cytokines relative to all other genotypes, including Pax1 -/-single mutants.
In the Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutants, cell-autonomous TEC defects cause a partial block at the DN-DP transition, so thymocytes do progress to DP and SP stages, albeit at reduced frequencies [ 29 ] . TEC defects are seen as early as E12.
The reduced expression of these cytokines in Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-compound mutants could be an indirect effect of defective TEC differentiation, or could be direct downstream targets since both Hoxa3 and Pax1 are expressed in fetal thymus [ 54 55 ] . Comparison of the Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-phenotype with those of cytokine mutants do not reveal many similarities [ 30 46 56 57 58 59 60 61 ] , probably because of the simultaneous reductions in multiple cytokines in the Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-mutants.
The abnormal cell death and proliferation patterns in the Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutant fetal thymocytes might be caused in part by observed reductions in the transcription levels of the cytokines IL-7 and SCF produced by TECs.
Our results support a critical role for microenvironment created by TECs in regulating thymocyte proliferation during the TN to DP transition, and show that this function is disrupted in Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutants.