Words similar to hoxa

Example sentences for: hoxa

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Hoxa3 and Pax1 are transcription factors that act in a common pathway regulating thymus organogenesis and thymic epithelial cell development [ 29 31 32 33 34 ] . Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-compound mutants have defects in TEC development including reduced numbers of TECs, fewer MHC Class II +TECs, and changes in TEC proliferation and apoptosis.
For example, SCF and IL-7 have been shown to have synergistic functions [ 62 63 ] . Therefore, changes in multiple cytokines in Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-mutants would be expected to have complex effects on thymocyte development that could be difficult to predict.
In the Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutants, cell-autonomous TEC defects cause a partial block at the DN-DP transition, so thymocytes do progress to DP and SP stages, albeit at reduced frequencies [ 29 ] . TEC defects are seen as early as E12.
Our results provide direct genetic evidence for these functions of TECs, by showing that these processes are defective in mutants with a primary TEC differentiation defect (the Hoxa3,Pax1 compound mutants).
A striking example is the complete absence of γδTCR +thymocyte development in IL-7 mutants, in contrast to normal γδTCR +cell development in Hoxa3 +/- Pax1 -/-mutants [ 29 ] , which have dramatically reduced IL-7 levels.