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Example sentences for: hdac
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IGFR, [ 29 ] ], and one study used several cell lines and demonstrated distinct effects of the cell genetic background [ 25 ] . Down-regulated genes include bFGF, FGF-2, Topoisomerase II-α, EGFR,, human HDAC1, as well as cell cycle regulatory genes among others [ 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ] . Regions in the bFGF promoter have been identified as associated with density-dependent down-regulation of bFGF [ 31 ] . The IGF-II P3 promoter is down-regulated as a function of cell density, and a 7-base pair sequence has been identified that plays a critical role in this down-regulation [ 32 ] . Neither the MoMuLV LTR or the htk promoters encode this sequence, although both encode a 10-base pair sequence that is identical to the P3 sequence with an insertion of 3 base pairs at position -1081.
We also found evidence that promoter methylation inactivates gene expression in CC and exposure to methylation and/or histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibiting agents reactivate the gene expression.
A highly ordered chromatin structure presents a physical obstacle for gene transcription; presumably by limiting the access of transcription factors and RNA polymerase II core machinery to target DNA [ 82 83 ] . In concert with the observation that corepressors are associated with HDAC activities [ 84 85 ] , it appears that the transcriptional outcome of nuclear receptors is determined by the balance of histone acetylation and deacetylation activities, and that ligands serve as a switch to recruit HATs with the concomitant dismissal of HDACs.
Consistent with this notion, the apparent weak transcriptional activity of the ERβ LBD is a consequence of corepressor HDAC activity at some level (Fig.
A HDAC Repressor Enhances ERβ Activity
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