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Example sentences for: diploids
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To determine if Tab +phenotypes were due to single mutations, cdc15Δ tab strains were crossed to cdc15Δ [pMET3-cdc15-2, URA3] and the resulting diploids were sporulated and dissected.
Thus, those meioses did not exhibit simple MI nondisjunction, because 100% of diploids arising from MI nondisjunction would be heterozygous at the centromeres (Figure 5B).
Since S. pombe contains only three chromosome pairs, aberrant assortment during one or both of the meiotic divisions can produce, by chance, a significant fraction of meiotic products that receive at least one copy of each chromosome and are hence viable [ 38 43 ] . Aberrant segregation can also produce nullisomic aneuploids (missing one or more chromosomes), polysomic aneuploids (having additional copies of individual chromosomes), and diploids [ 38 39 44 ] . In S. pombe the haploids and diploids are viable, nullisomic aneuploids are inviable, and disomic aneuploids tend to lose the extra chromosome or chromosomes and become haploid [ 45 ] . We therefore determined the frequencies of spore viability and meiotic diploidy as genetic measures of chromosome segregation errors.
At present, two hypothetical mechanisms by which a Rec12-dependent signal affects MII are proposed: First, Rec12-dependent (recombination-dependent) signals might trigger a block after MI, thereby allowing cells to skip a frequently irregular MII division [ 39 ] . However, the majority of the rec12 mutant meioses show evidence of two meiotic divisions (Figure 3) and many of the meiotic diploids exhibit mixed MI and MII missegregation patterns for centromere linked markers on the three different chromosomes (Table 2).
Because each of the rec12 mutants had aberrant meiotic chromosome segregation (Figure 3), produced a high frequency of viable meiotic products (Figure 4A), and produced a high frequency of meiotic diploids (Figure 4B), we were able to monitor directly the segregation patterns of all three chromosome pairs in each of the mutants.
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