Words similar to antagonism
Example sentences for: antagonism
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Voltage-gated K +currents with distinct electrophysiological and pharmacological properties are present in granulosa cells (GC), and modulate resting membrane potential [ 4 12 13 16 17 ] . Furthermore, selective antagonism of GC K +channels with distinct molecular correlates, electrophysiological properties and expression patterns can influence differentially GC proliferation, steroidogenic capability, and apoptosis [ 17 18 ] . Our laboratory has previously identified two distinct delayed rectifier K +currents in pig GC: a slow current (I Ks ) associated with channels formed by co-assembly of KCNQ1 pore-forming and KCNE1 accessory proteins, and an ultra-rapid current (I Kur ) formed by co-assembly of KCNA pore-forming and KCNAB accessory proteins [ 4 ] . Moreover, we have shown that selective block of I Ks enhances basal progesterone synthesis, while complete block of both I Ks and I Kur accelerates apoptosis [ 18 ] .
We have shown previously that antagonism of the slowly activating non-inactivating granulosa K +current (I Ks ) enhances basal progesterone production by depolarizing membrane potential and thus enhancing calcium influx via pimozide-sensitive Ca 2+channels [ 18 ] . In contrast, Kusaka [ 21 ] showed that antagonism of 4-AP sensitive slowly inactivating delayed rectifier K +currents suppressed both basal and LH-stimulated progesterone production.
The effects of 4-AP in serum-supplemented GC cultures are consistent with previous reports that antagonism of voltage-sensitive K +currents can modulate basal and gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone accumulation in the absence of any effect on cell growth or death.
However, intrathecal atipamezole (alpha2 antagonist) increased residual volume in awake rats [ 18 ] . Therefore, it is difficult to interpret clozapine's effects on micturition volume in terms of spinal alpha adrenoceptor antagonism and possibly the supraspinal effects predominate.
In anesthetized rats, doxazosin (alpha 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) administered systemically, increased micturition volume, bladder capacity, residual volume and micturition frequency while decreasing peak pressure [ 36 ] . Only an increase in the micturition frequency was observed after spinal administration of doxazosin [ 37 ] . Both olanzapine and risperidone have moderate affinity for the alpha 1 adrenergic receptor (Table 1), therefore it is possible that some of the effects observed in the present study were due to central and/or peripheral antagonism of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors by these drugs.
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