Words similar to adp-ribosylation
Example sentences for: adp-ribosylation
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This small member of the Ras GTPase superfamily has been implicated in fibroblast models of integrin dependent actin stress fiber formation, focal contact assembly [ 13 ] , and gene induction via the serum response element [ 14 ] . Studies of Rho function have been facilitated by the use of specific toxins such as Clostridium botulinum toxin C3 which catalyses the ADP-ribosylation and inactivation of Rho [ 15 16 17 ] . The function of this GTPase and related family members such as Rac and Cdc42 has been extensively studied in the fibroblast model.
ADP-ribosylation of Rho proteins in chemoattractant stimulated neutrophils [ 20 21 ] and in both monocytic lines and fresh blood monocytes [ 22 38 ] results in actin filament polymerization.
3G) interacts with G protein-coupled receptor kinases, and exhibits ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity.
Previous reports have demonstrated that ADP-ribosylation of B-lymphoid cell lines by C3 treatment inhibits phorbol ester induced cellular homotypic aggregation [ 18 ] . Also, phorbol ester and chemoattractant (IL-8 and fMLP) induced pre-B lymphoblastoid adhesion to VCAM-1 and neutrophil adhesion to fibrinogen was abrogated in a dose-dependent manner by C3 exoenzyme [ 36 ] . This may indicate that in cells of hematopoietic lineages, the induction of an increased adhesive state may be susceptible to regulation by Rho proteins.
The involvement of Rho GTPases in regulating integrin dependent events such as leukocyte homotypic aggregation and in chemokine upregulation of integrin-mediated adhesion has recently been identified [ 18 19 ] . ADP-ribosylation of Rho in neutrophils by treatment with C3 not only inhibits cellular locomotion, but augments chemoattractant induced actin polymerization [ 20 21 ] . Moreover, inactivation of Rho in monocytic cells leads to accelerated formation of filopodia, and it has been proposed that Rho is a negative regulator of actin polymerization within this cell type [ 22 ] . Active Rho is also required for normal morphology, motility, and cytolytic activity of IL-2 activated NK cells [ 23 24 ] . We and others have demonstrated the importance of Rho in T lymphocyte activation [ 25 26 ] . Given the role played by Rho in the regulation of actin microfilaments in other cell types, and the indispensability of a functional actin cytoskeleton in lymphocyte motility and activation, it is of importance to study Rho's role in the regulation of T lymphocyte integrin function and maintenance of cytoskeletal organization.
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