Words similar to virulence
Example sentences for: virulence
How can you use “virulence” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
As the double mutant was susceptible to disease caused by this bacterial strain (data not shown), perhaps this residual gene induction was due to the virulence function of avrRpt2 [ 23 ] . Mutant npr1 plants have previously been shown to be impaired in induction of PR-1 but not PR-5 in response to virulent bacterial pathogen [ 19 ] .
I have demonstrated that a gene coding for a bifunctional catalase-peroxidase is likely a transfer from archaea to a variety of pathogenic bacteria, including E. coli O157:H7 [ 9 ] . Although not yet directly implicated in O157:H7 as a virulence factor, this enzyme has been implicated as a virulence factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [ 24 26 ] , and in Legionella pneumophila [ 25 ] . Furthermore, this E. coli O157:H7 catalase-peroxidase has been associated with enterohaemorrhagic hemolysin in a variety of shiga-like toxin-producing (verotoxin-producing) E. coli [ 30 31 ] . This correlation of the presence of the catalase-peroxidase in many virulent but not in avirulent strains suggests a direct role in the virulence of enterohemorrhagic E. coli .
The biological selection of phenotypic revertants of variants of S. pyogenes from populations with defined mutations in key regulators or promoter regions of putative virulence genes is likely to provide key insights into the pathogenesis of host-bacterial interactions.
The genetic event(s) associated with the selection of a virulent variant of the sagA/pel mutant without changing the site or orientation of the Tn 917 transposon was reminiscent of earlier studies from our laboratory testing the virulence of mga mutants of isolate 64/14 [ 9 ] . In that study, injection of an mga mutant, that failed to express any detectable surface M or M-related protein, lead to selection of mga variants over-expressing M and M-related proteins that could be recovered from the spleen following a lethal skin infection.
Other cell types may be able to better distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic L. monocytogenes ; for example, expression of the virulence factor LLO, the hemolysin responsible in part for invasion of L. monocytogenes into the host cell cytoplasm, is necessary for L. monocytogenes to activate neutrophils [ 34], stimulate prolonged TNFα production by macrophages [ 36, 37], and induce NFκB nuclear translocation and cytokine secretion by HUVEC human vascular endothelial cells [ 35, 39].
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