Words similar to transgenics
Example sentences for: transgenics
How can you use “transgenics” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Nuclei in the proliferating external granule cell layer of P0 transgenics did not contain β-catenin.
As fewer hypertrophic cells are present in Hoxc-8 transgenics, and cartilage maturation is delayed in Hoxc-8transgenic animals [ 1 ] , one would expect to see decreased Collagen X mRNA levels [ 27 ] . Yet, the data clearly indicate that mRNA expression is elevated in transgenic rib chondrocytes.
In order to determine if cyclin D 1 plays a role in this hyperplasia, kidneys from three proteinuric 40-day old transgenic siblings and three non-transgenic littermates were stained by immunohistochemistry with antibody to phospho-pRb (Ser780), a site of cyclin D 1 /CDK-4/6 phosphorylation not targeted by cyclin E/CDK-2 complexes that disrupts pRb/E2F binding for G 1 → S progression [ 24 ] . Figure 1depicts the intense, heterogeneous nuclear staining of glomerular podocytes and tubular epithelium from hyperplastic nephrons in the diseased transgenics versus the absent staining of nephrons in the non-transgenics consistent with the very low mitotic index in normal kidneys of adult animals [ 26 ] . This suggests that cyclin D 1 is promoting cell-cycle progression during the proliferation of epithelium in diseased kidneys.
Moreover, because the transgene is introduced into the hprt locus its expression is dependent upon the inclusion of specific transcriptional regulatory elements and remains relatively unaffected by the local chromatin environment [ 2 ] . A major advantage of this targeted transgenic approach compared to traditional transgenics is that transgene expression is predictable so expression at ectopic sites is largely avoided.
Cyclin D 1 is characterized as the major D-type cyclin controlling G 1 -phase progression in kidney cells, both during normal and abnormal proliferation [ 22 23 ] . To determine whether cyclin D 1 may be active in promoting G 1 → S progression in kidneys expressing HIV-1 genes, we utilized a well-characterized HIV-1 transgenic mouse model (Tg26) of HIVAN [ 11 12 13 ] . Secondary to renal expression of the HIV-1 NL4-3 Δ gag-pol proviral transgene, adolescent Tg26 transgenics develop a progressive, proliferative renal disease marked by podocyte and tubular epithelial hyperplasia that is indistinguishable both clinically and histopathologically from human HIVAN.
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