Words similar to transducing
Example sentences for: transducing
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Recently, data obtained from genome sequencing projects have made it clear that bacteria exchange genetic information by means of transducing bacteriophages, conjugative plasmids, and natural transformation [ 18 ] at a much higher rate than previously thought [ 19 ] . There seem to be few insurmountable barriers to interspecies gene transfer, with transfers being documented between such diverse organisms as archea and eubacteria [ 20 ] . Synechococcus sp. [ 21 ] and some P. stutzeri strains [ 22 ] are two examples of the many bacterial species known to undergo natural transformation.
Results in the preceding section indicate that DFz2 has an important role in transducing a Wg signal in S2 cells, but do not reveal whether Arr also has a role in concert with, or independent of, Fz-mediated signaling.
In addition, LRP6 has been reported to bind Wnt-1 and to associate with Fz in a Wnt-dependent manner [ 8 ] . Taken together, these results support a co-receptor model: upon exposure to Wnts, LRP5 or LRP6 forms a complex with Wnt and Fzs, transducing the Wnt signal downstream to stabilize cytoplasmic β-catenin.
In fission yeast, the checkpoint rad +genes ( hus1 +, rad1 +, rad3 +, rad9 +, rad17 +and rad26 +) and chk1 +manage the sensing and transducing operations of the DNA damage checkpoint [ 1 16 ] . Current data suggest that the Rad26/Rad3-kinase complex initially senses DNA damage by an unknown mechanism [ 17 ] . This response leads to an increase in the kinase activity of the complex [ 18 ] , which phosphorylates and activates the transducing protein kinase, Chk1 [ 19 ] . Finally, Chk1 delays mitotic entry by targeting Cdc25 and Wee1, regulators of cyclin-dependent kinase activity [ 20 21 22 ] .
Rather, when called upon to signal, it must do so, utilizing transducing molecules with conserved structures.
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