Words similar to smo
Example sentences for: smo
How can you use “smo” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Finally, with respect to pharmacological properties, our studies indicate that Smo behaves like a classic GPCR in many regards and that the models used to describe this large family of receptors can be applied to Hh signaling (Figure 8).
The HA tag was sub-cloned into the Smo gene so that it would reside immediately after the Smo signal sequence.
Mutations in the Hedgehog pathway members PTCH , PTCH 2 , SUFU and Smo , have all been identified in sporadic medulloblastomas as well, with approximately 25% of cases containing mutations affecting these genes [ 5 6 7 8 9 ] . A murine medulloblastoma model was recently developed by disruption of the PTCH gene, with medulloblastoma-like tumors arising in 10-15% of heterozygotes by 9 months of age [ 10 11 ] . Breeding PTCH mice to p53 knockout animals markedly increased tumor incidence.
Briefly, if this model is applied to Hh signaling, it proposes that, firstly, agonist and antagonists act at independent sites to select active and inactive conformations of Smo; secondly, that Smo engages an undefined coupler/effector, when it is in its signaling state; and finally, that the gain-of-function mutant form of Smo, Smo act, adopts an abnormal conformation that resembles the coupler/effector-bound signaling state of Smo with low affinity for antagonists but normal affinity for the agonist.
Thus, in considering models of Ptc function based on Hh-stimulated effects it is important to consider whether the form of Smo that is being observed is the active (coupler/effector bound) signaling state, or perhaps a downregulated and inactive form.
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