Words similar to sf
Example sentences for: sf
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Rep proteins of circoviruses, nanoviruses and geminiviruses consist of two domains, specifically, a N-terminal nicking domain (with conserved motifs 1, 2 and 3) and a C-terminal SF3 helicase domain (conserved motifs A, B and C) [ 21 22 ] . Conserved sequence motifs 1-3 are characteristic of Rep proteins that utilize the rolling circle mechanism of replication employed by different groups of viruses (circoviruses, nanoviruses, geminiviruses, bacteriophage φ ×-174) [ 21 23 24 25 ] . However, replication-associated proteins of animal parvoviruses, which utilize the rolling hairpin mechanism of replication, only contain motifs 2 and 3 [ 23 ] .
Cells treated with HGF/SF and Adriamycin also had modified cell line regulation and signal transduction that might suggest mechanisms by which HGF/SF exerts its protective activity [ 31 ] .
' Though Čapek conceived robots, it is Isaac Asimov who nurtured them into fully developed SF characters.
The significance of HGF/SF as a marker of poor prognosis might also be associated with its effects on acquired resistance to anti-cancer drugs [ 35 36 ] . HGF/SF protects cancer cells from DNA-damaging chemotherapy agents through pathways involving signaling from Met to phosphoinositide 3-kinase and c-Akt [ 29 ] . Human breast cancer cells, preincubated with HGF/SF and then exposed to Adriamycin, exhibit an altered pattern of gene expression compared with cells treated with Adriamycin alone.
Highly invasive breast cancer cells express large amounts of HGF and Met, and no HAI-1, whereas breast cancer cells with low invasive potential have low levels of HGF and Met, and high levels of HAI-1 [ 22 ] . In a mouse model system HGF antagonists suppressed the conversion of pancreatic tumors from carcinoma in situ into invasive cancer [ 23 ] . It seems that regulation of the HGF/SF stimulation and inhibition activities is associated with the metastatic potential of tumor cells, and knowing the status of HGFA, HAI-1 and HAI-2, in addition to Met, might provide useful information.
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