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Example sentences for: risc
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Processing of pri-miRNA into the pre-miRNA stem-loop occurs in the nucleus, while subsequent processing of pre-miRNA into 21-22 mers is a cytoplasmic event mediated by the RNAse III enzyme Dicer [ 17 18 19 20 ] ; Dicer is also responsible for cleavage of long perfectly double-stranded RNA into 21-22 nucleotide fragments during RNA interference (RNAi) [ 2 21 ] . These latter molecules, known as silencing RNA (siRNA), bind to and trigger the degradation of perfectly homologous mRNA molecules via RISC, a double-strand RNA-induced silencing complex containing nuclease activity [ 22 23 ] .
Similar to siRNAs, the natural small RNAs, dubbed microRNAs (miRNAs), arise from Dicer processing of dsRNA precursors and are incorporated into RISC (Denli and Hannon 2003).
1 RISC is part of the General Services Administration, and works closely with OMB to provide information to the president, Congress, and the public about federal regulations.
Since October 1995, the Unified Agenda has been published electronically and is searchable either through RISC's web site (http://reginfo.gov) or the Government Printing Office's GPO Access web site (which can be accessed through http://www.access.gpo.gov).
In contrast to the ubiquitous DDRP, cellular RDRPs that are involved in PTGS so far have been detected only in eukaryotes [ 1 26 ] . The PTGS phenomenon covers a variety of complementarity-dependent silencing pathways, such as RNA interference (RNAi) in animals and slime mold, co-suppression (silencing of transgene and the corresponding endogenous genes) and virus gene resistance in plants, and quelling in fungi, all of which share a common mechanism of RNA turnover [ 28 37 38 39 40 ] . Essentially, double-stranded (ds) RNA, which is formed in these processes, triggers the activation of a sequence-specific RNA degradation system, which targets homologous RNAs [ 41 42 ] . The dsRNA is broken down by the Dicer enzyme into 21-25 nucleotide (nt) fragments called small interfering RNA or siRNAs [ 43 44 45 ] . The siRNAs subsequently associate with a complex of proteins called RISC and target homologous RNA by serving as guides for multiple rounds of RNA cleavage [ 45 46 ] .
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