Words similar to purifying
Example sentences for: purifying
How can you use “purifying” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Here we show that the same pattern of purifying selection is observed among bacterial and archaeal paralogs and demonstrate that amino-acid substitution rate is greater in paralogs than in orthologs with the same level of divergence at synonymous sites.
For the bacterial and archaeal species groups, the vast majority of these comparisons were inconclusive because the evolutionary distance between phylogenetic partitions resulted in a saturation of K s . The more closely related human-mouse-rat group did not show saturation of K s . Comparisons of K s and K a for functionally diversified mammalian protein sets did not reveal any cases with K a > K s . This is probably due to the fact that, if directional selection led to the acceleration of the amino-acid substitution rate in these proteins, it acted in an episodic manner [ 6, 7] and on a minority of residues against a constant background of purifying selection [ 8, 9].
The proportions of paralogous pairs that evolved at significantly different rates in each of the analyzed clades are shown in Table 3. Thus, in the majority of cases at least, both paralogs evolved under similar levels of purifying selection, in agreement with the results of an early analysis of 17 pairs of paralogs from X. laevis and a more recent analysis of 19 pairs of paralogs in human and teleost lineages [ 9, 22].
In general, however, only a small fraction of sites in some genes appears to evolve under positive selection [ 15], and relaxation of purifying selection is likely to be the main mechanism behind the acceleration of evolution after duplication.
Here we present a simple model, based solely on purifying selection and mutation at the nucleotide level, that quantitatively predicts both codon and amino-acid usage trends across archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes on the basis of the genome GC content.
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