Words similar to pthrp
Example sentences for: pthrp
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These data also suggest that PTHrP signaling [ 34 35 36 ] is only moderately affected by overexpression of Hoxc-8.
The strongest effect of SB-203580 was found on the TGFβ-dependent expression of pthrp and upa . In these cases, the inhibitor completely eliminated responsiveness to TGFβ.
We have previously demonstrated that TGFβ upregulates PTHrP and PAI-1 RNA levels in MDA-MB-231 cells [ 19 ] . TGFβ affected PTHrP expression primarily by increasing the level of the promoter P3-specific transcript [ 19 ] . Quantitative PCR analysis using primers allowing the detection of PTHrP P3 and PAI-1 transcripts indicated that incubation of MDA-MB-231 cells with SB-202190 and SB-203580 greatly inhibited TGFβ-induced increase in PTHrP and, to a lesser extent, PAI-1 mRNA levels (Fig.
Fast TGFβ responder genes, such as smad7 , whose maximum activation by TGFβ was reached after 60 min, was only slightly affected by SB-203580, while slow responders, such as pai-1, pthrp or upa , that showed peak activation after 180-240 min, were very sensitive to the repressive effect of SB-203580.
The smad7 gene contains a perfect palindromic Smad binding element (GTCTAGAC) while the pai-1 and the pthrp promoters harbor AGAC tandem repeats [ 19 33 ] which binds Smad proteins less efficiently [ 34 ] . The upa gene contains only an AP1-binding site which resembles the Smad3/4-responsive AGAC motif [ 35 ] . A weaker binding site could require Smad3 to be present at higher concentrations for efficient binding and would make TGFβ-dependent transcription from a gene more vulnerable to reduced nuclear accumulation of the Smad3 protein.
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