Words similar to pthrp

Example sentences for: pthrp

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These data also suggest that PTHrP signaling [ 34 35 36 ] is only moderately affected by overexpression of Hoxc-8.
Fast TGFβ responder genes, such as smad7 , whose maximum activation by TGFβ was reached after 60 min, was only slightly affected by SB-203580, while slow responders, such as pai-1, pthrp or upa , that showed peak activation after 180-240 min, were very sensitive to the repressive effect of SB-203580.
It is clear that the smad7 gene expression is regulated by TGFβ in a Smad3/4-dependent manner [ 32 ] as it was found for the pthrp and the pai-1 gene [ 19 33 ] . However, the Smad3 responsive elements are different.
Greater numbers of prehypertrophic cells are unlikely to account for elevated expression of prehypertrophic cell markers: histological sections from Hoxc-8 transgenic animals show no increase in prehypertrophic cells [ 1 ] , and PTHrP receptor mRNA levels are unchanged in cells from transgenic animals (see Figure 8).
The smad7 gene contains a perfect palindromic Smad binding element (GTCTAGAC) while the pai-1 and the pthrp promoters harbor AGAC tandem repeats [ 19 33 ] which binds Smad proteins less efficiently [ 34 ] . The upa gene contains only an AP1-binding site which resembles the Smad3/4-responsive AGAC motif [ 35 ] . A weaker binding site could require Smad3 to be present at higher concentrations for efficient binding and would make TGFβ-dependent transcription from a gene more vulnerable to reduced nuclear accumulation of the Smad3 protein.