Example sentences for: phosphoenolpyruvate

How can you use “phosphoenolpyruvate” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:

  • Two of the 'routes' were equivalent (alternate optimal solutions), (1) The PEP was regenerated by the phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (PPS), or (2) the glactose transporter was used for the transport of glucose which was subsequently phosphorylated by the glucokinase reaction.

  • Abundant transcripts of carbonic anhydrase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc), and NADP-malic enzyme genes in leaf blades are consistent with the NADP-ME type C4 pathway known to operate in maize [ 24, 26].

  • Whereas USF induces expression of enzymes involved in glycolysis, C/EBPβ regulates gluconeogenesis mainly by activating phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) [ 36 37 ] .

  • In cultured human muscle cells, only the PI 3-kinase - p70 S6 kinase pathway, and not the MAPK pathway, mediates insulin up-regulation of p85α PI 3-kinase gene expression [ 26 ] . Similarly, in L6 myotubes, insulin induces hexokinase II gene transcription via the rapamycin-sensitive PI 3-kinase pathway, but not via the MAPK pathway [ 27 ] . The PI 3-kinase - p70 S6 kinase pathway, but not the MAPK pathway, mediates insulin induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression in primary rat hepatocytes [ 28 ] . In H411E liver cells, insulin down-regulates cAMP-induced phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene transcription via the PI 3-kinase pathway, but not via the MAPK pathway [ 29 ] . Phosphorylated p70 S6 kinase has been shown to be present in the nucleus in insulin-treated cells [ 30 ] . Moreover, it has been shown that p70 S6 kinase phosphorylates and activates members of the cAMP response element modulator family of transcription factors [ 31 ] . These data raise the possibility that transcriptional regulation of SP-A gene expression occurs via the PI 3-kinase - p70 S6 kinase pathway.

  • Other genes represented components of light-harvesting complexes (photosystems I and II), chloroplastic aldolase [ 21], and the phosphoenolpyruvate translocator gene [ 22].


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