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Example sentences for: muta
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Plant leaves and other plant parts including peppers were then rubbed into the wounds on the noses of the dogs [ 20 ] . This was done on the assumption that the power of scent in dogs was improved by these practices since the nasal mucous membranes were cleaned, the perceptions were sharpened, and the dog would keep its nose to the ground when hunting [ 20 21 ] . There seemed to be a mental connection of success in acquisition of game with pain previously inflicted on the hunter and his dog [ 20 ] . The nervous system of the dogs was irritated to such an extent that it was responsive to even the slightest external stimulus and therefore more likely to be successful in hunting [ 21 ] . There was also the belief that inflicting pain was a means of preparing to meet without flinching any pain or danger that could arise during the chase [ 20 ] . This preparation was not ill-advised since Lachesis muta muta often lives in the burrows of lappe and tatou [ 22 ] . Each hunting dog was trained to hunt one sort of game [ 20 ] .
Phospholipase A 2 was purified from Lachesis muta venom in Brazil, the venom also showed procoagulant and proteolytic activities [ 33 ] . High proteolytic activity was found in venom of Lachesis muta and no platelet pro-aggregating activity, low inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and low procoagulant, proteolytic and phospholipase activity for Botrops atrox in Brazil [ 34 ] .
Four others were bitten by a Lachesis muta muta that one dog pulled out of a hollow tree [ 27 ] . Two of the bitten dogs ran off before they could be treated and died within fifteen minutes.
Studies in South America detail the pain and oedema at the bite site and manifestations of autonomic nervous system stimulation (vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, hypersalivation, bradycardia) that may be attributed to serine protease in Lachesis muta venom which causes hypotension by releasing kinins from plasma kininogen [ 8 ] . There are also cases of bleeding distant from the bite site such as gingival haemorrhage, epistaxis, haemoptysis, haematuria, uterine bleeding, soft tissue haematomas and very infrequently intrathoracic or intrabdominal bleeding [ 35 ] . Complications in the bitten limb can include secondary infections by Gram-negative organisms and acute renal failure among others [ 8 ] . There is a bothrojacarin-like 27 kDa protein in Bothrops species venom [ 36 ] . Bothrojacarin forms a non-covalent complex with thrombin, blocking its ability to induce platelet aggregation and fibrinogen clotting [ 8 36 ] . Haemostatic effects in Lachesis muta venom are attributable to an alpha-fibrin(ogen)ase and haemorrhagic metalloproteinases (LHF-1 and LHF-II) which have alpha-fibrin(ogen)ase activity [ 8 ] .
The in vitro myotoxicity of the crotalid venoms venoms ( Bothrops jararaca , Bothrops jararacussu and Lachesis muta ) and myotoxins (bothropstoxin, bothropasin and crotoxin) was neutralised by simultaneous exposure of isolated skeletal muscles to an aqueous extract of Eclipta prostrata or to wedelolactone, stigmaterol and sitosterol.
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