Words similar to mononuclear
Example sentences for: mononuclear
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COX-2 is an inducible enzyme upregulated in inflammatory states [ 20 21 ] . Notably, many NSCLC and what have been characterized as "premalignant" lung lesions have been shown to constitutively express the COX-2 enzyme and produce prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2), the primary product of the COX-2 pathway [ 22 23 24 25 26 ] . Importantly, PGE-2 production by tumor cells has been linked to tumor-induced immunosuppression in NSCLC [ 2 3 4 5 ] . PGE-2 has been shown to directly suppress T cell mediated immunity, the primary effector against tumor cells, at a variety of levels [ 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] . Further, PGE-2 has been shown to induce the IL10 in mononuclear cells [ 4 5 ] . IL10 is a prominent immunosuppressive cytokine that may have a dominant role in preventing innate antitumor responses in the NSCLC environment [ 2 3 4 5 ] , [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ] . Among myriad suppressive effects on T cells and antigen presenting cells, IL10 is known to inhibit IL12 production [ 14 15 16 17 18 ] . IL12 plays a key role in the initiation and potentiation of cellular immune responses and alteration of the IL12 producing function in circulating mononuclear phagocytes may be a critical factor in suppressed T cell immunity to NSCLC [ 27 28 ] .
Importantly, serum IL10 levels were established as an independent marker for disease and response to therapy by De Vita et al [ 10 ] . The source of the IL10 in that series was thought to be from mononuclear cells.
ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IP-10 = interferon-gamma inducible protein 10; mAb = monoclonal antibody; MCP-1 = monocytechemotactic protein-1; MIP = macrophage inflammatory protein; OA = osteoarthritis; PBMC = peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PE = phycoerythrin;RA = rheumatoid arthritis; RANTES = regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase-polymerasechain reaction; SCL = stromal cell line; SRBC = sheep red blood cells; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α.
Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood (PBMC), lymph nodes, spleens, and intestines.
10 6adherent mononuclear cells/ml were incubated in a 24 well culture plate in complete RPMI and supernatant was evaluated at 24 hr for basal production of IL10 by ELISA (R&D).
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