Words similar to monomer
Example sentences for: monomer
How can you use “monomer” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
At the time that the antigenic sites were proposed, residues in and around the trimer interface were variable and found on the monomer surface, so they were grouped and labeled as antigenic site D even though it was unclear how site D was recognized by Ab [ 41].
Perhaps components required for nucleation are de-localized by BDM allowing new polymerization to be re-directed to filopodia, as filopodial extension is thought to be driven by elongation and not nucleation [ 27 ] . The extension of the growth cone itself could result from a similar diversion of actin monomer from nucleation of new filaments to extension of existing filaments.
pARS-ALF contained two 40-bp fragments of alphoid DNA monomer that were PCR-amplified using the primer pair ALF-F and ALF-R from a 171-bp alphoid consensus sequence (X07685) [ 34 ] . None of the amplified targeting hooks contained an ATG codon that was out-of-frame in URA3 . Vectors pARS-TGAC and pARS-HPRT were linearized by Sal I, pARS-Alu by Sma I, and pARS-ALF by Mlu I, exposing the targeting sequences.
is expressed in skeletal muscle, with a less abundant ~7 kb transcript expressed in both skeletal and cardiac muscle [ 8 ] . Whereas tropomodulins or the Arp 2/3 complex cap the pointed end of actin filaments, the barbed end can be capped by CapZ, α, β, and γ adducins as well as gelsolin [ 9 10 11 ] . Control of thin filament length is critical for maintaining proper sarcomere function and length [ 12 ] . Inhibition of Tmod1's capping activity - either by using an antibody to its C-terminal end or by decreasing expression using an antisense Tmod1 transcript - results in elongated thin filaments and decreased cardiac contractility [ 13 14 ] . Tmod1 overexpression in rat cardiomyocytes causes shortening of the thin filaments and sarcomere disorganization, resulting in myofibril degeneration [ 14 ] . Likewise, mice overexpressing TMOD1 in the heart show disrupted sarcomere organization with shortened thin filaments, leading to myofibril degeneration and dilated cardiomyopathy [ 15 ] . Recently, Littlefield and colleagues showed that overexpression of GFP-Tmod1 in chick cardiac myocytes results in shortening of thin filaments; the authors proposed that excess Tmod1 decreases the affinity between actin monomers and pointed ends, leading to monomer dissociation and filament shortening [ 42 ] . Mutations in many proteins making up the cardiac sarcomere have been shown to cause cardiac hypertrophy [ 16 17 18 19 ] :mutations in the TPM1 gene, for example, cause type 3 familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CMH3), and a transgenic mouse expressing a CMH3 mutation develops ventricular myocyte disarray and hypertrophy [ 20 ] . Mutations in myosin heavy chain 7 are estimated to account for 40-50% of the cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [ 21 ] .
At 200 kDa, the third band observed in Figure 2was approximately twice the molecular weight of the monomer.
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