Words similar to hypophosphorylated
Example sentences for: hypophosphorylated
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These results indicate that decreased AP-1 protein expression correlates with AP-1 transcriptional inhibition by hypophosphorylated RARα.
Upstream of AP-1 transcription factors, RA has been shown to inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression [ 14 ] . To determine if hypophosphorylated RARα could inhibit EGFR expression, we examined expression of the growth factor receptor by western blot in control and S77A mutant cells.
This results in inhibition of CDK2 activity, accumulation of hypophosphorylated RB1, inactivation of E2F1 [ 45 ] , and cell cycle arrest.
Under conditions favoring proliferation, the phosphorylation of pRB via cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in mid-to-late G 1 phase results in liberation of E2F and other pRB-bound transcription factors, which then activate the transcription of S-phase genes [ 19 ] . In late M phase, pRB returns to its growth suppressive, hypophosphorylated form due to the action of a pRB-directed protein phosphatase belonging to the type 1 class of serine/threonine protein phosphatases [ 11 20 21 ] .
Therefore while ligand bound RARα has been shown to activate a large number of RA target genes, the hypophosphorylated form of the receptor created in some cells following retinoid treatment may be important in transcriptional repression.