Words similar to factor-α
Example sentences for: factor-α
How can you use “factor-α” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IP-10 = interferon-gamma inducible protein 10; mAb = monoclonal antibody; MCP-1 = monocytechemotactic protein-1; MIP = macrophage inflammatory protein; OA = osteoarthritis; PBMC = peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PE = phycoerythrin;RA = rheumatoid arthritis; RANTES = regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase-polymerasechain reaction; SCL = stromal cell line; SRBC = sheep red blood cells; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α.
The PPARγ agonist, 15d-PGJ 2 , functions as a general inhibitor of microglial functions [ 56 57 58 ] . For example, this agent inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 β and major histocompatibility complex class II in activated microglia.
Tumour necrosis factor-α blockade reduces synovial expression of CCL2 and CXCL8 and reduces inflammatory cell migration into RA joints [ 9 ] . In addition, these chemokines, produced by RA synovial stromal cells, have been shown to stimulate monocyte migration [ 10 ] . The functional importance of chemokines in joint inflammation has also been established in animal models of RA where antibodies to these mediators significantly reduce both the number of leukocytes recruited and the severity of disease.
Once in the tissue, monocytes undergo the poorly understood process of transformation to macrophages with altered morphology and function [ 19 ] . In arthritis, synovial macrophages might cause joint destruction by differentiating to bone-resorbing osteoclasts [ 20 ] or by releasing cartilage-degrading enzymes and cytokines, such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α [ 8 ] . It has therefore been suggested that therapies for chronic arthritis should be aimed at depleting joint mononuclear cells or controlling the activation of synovial macrophages [ 21 ] . Indeed, elimination of macrophages by clodronate-laden liposomes in rat models of adjuvant [ 22 ] and antigen-induced arthritis [ 23 ] induces amelioration of the arthritis.
Stein et al [ 29] have found that cytokines such as interleukin-2, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α were capable of decreasing the expression of MDR1 mRNA in the colon carcinoma cell lines HCT15 and HCT16.
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