Words similar to factor-β
Example sentences for: factor-β
How can you use “factor-β” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
AP-1 = activator protein-1; COL2A1 = procollagen 2 alpha 1; egr-1 = early growth response gene-1; ets = erythroblastosis gene twenty-six; IL-1β = interleukin-1β; LH = lactalbumin hydrolysate; LIF = leukemia inhibitory factor; MAPK= mitogen-activated protein kinase; MMP = matrix metalloproteinase; NF-κB = nuclear factor-κB; OA = osteoarthritis; PDGF = platelet-derived growth factor; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SMAD4 = mothers against dpp homolog 4; TGF-β = transforming growth factor-β.
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family including ligands, receptors, and binding proteins, has emerged as a central player in ovary physiology and female fertility [ 1 ] . The BMPs represent a large subclass of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) surperfamily of ligands whose biological responses are mediated by Ser/Thr kinase receptors via the Smad-signaling molecules [ 2 ] . The mRNAs encoding several BMP family members have been identified in the murine ovary, including the ligands, BMP-2 [ 3 ] , BMP-3 [ 3 ] , BMP-3b [ 3 ] , BMP-4 [ 4 ] , BMP-6 [ 5 ] , BMP-7 [ 4 ] , BMP-15 [ 6 7 8 ] , the BMP receptors, BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB and BMPR-II [ 4 ] and the BMP binding protein, follistatin (FS) [ 9 ] . In the murine, BMP-4 and -7 mRNA have been identified in the theca interstitial cells [ 4 ] , BMP-6 and -15 in oocytes [ 5 6 7 8 ] , BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB and BMPR-II in oocytes and granulosa cells (GCs) [ 4 ] , and FS in granulosa and lutein cells [ 9 10 ] .
Different functional subsets of genes were identified that included those for several chemokines (GRO-1, MIG, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP1-α, MIP-β, PARC, IL-8), cytokine receptors (C-CR-1, IL-R, IL-1R antagonist, IL-2Rβ, transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGFβR), IFNγR α chain), adhesion molecules associated with mononuclear cell migration (CD62L, VCAM-1, CD64, CD29), cytotoxic proteins in granules produced by activated monocytes (grancalcin and calgranulin) and several genes associated with IFN-γ activity, such as HLA class II molecules and IFN-regulatory or responsive genes such as those for MxA, MxB and IRF-1.
The myeloblastin protein displays anti-proliferative properties and is also a key protease involved in factor-independent growth of hematopoietic cells [ 18 ] . Overexpression of myeloblastin has been linked to multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) a known regulator of angiogenesis.
CMV = cytomegalovirus, MCMV = murine cytomegalovirus, MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, PCNA = proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PDGF = platelet derived growth factor, SSc = systemic sclerosis, TGF-β 1 = transforming growth factor-β 1 , TUNEL = terminal TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, α-SMA = α-smooth muscle actin
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