Words similar to factor-β
Example sentences for: factor-β
How can you use “factor-β” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
In the absence of SPARC, expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and type I collagen is down-regulated in kidney mesangial cells [ 15 ] . The expression of cell surface receptor for insulin-like growth factor I in SPARC-null embryonic fibroblasts is also diminished [ 16 ] . Studies with SPARC-null cells have confirmed that SPARC functions in cell proliferation.
Various growth factors such as angiopoietin (ang)-1, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β as well as VEGF-A are also involved in arteriogenesis, and it may therefore be necessary to use combinations of these factors to obtain stable and mature vessels (Fig.
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family including ligands, receptors, and binding proteins, has emerged as a central player in ovary physiology and female fertility [ 1 ] . The BMPs represent a large subclass of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) surperfamily of ligands whose biological responses are mediated by Ser/Thr kinase receptors via the Smad-signaling molecules [ 2 ] . The mRNAs encoding several BMP family members have been identified in the murine ovary, including the ligands, BMP-2 [ 3 ] , BMP-3 [ 3 ] , BMP-3b [ 3 ] , BMP-4 [ 4 ] , BMP-6 [ 5 ] , BMP-7 [ 4 ] , BMP-15 [ 6 7 8 ] , the BMP receptors, BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB and BMPR-II [ 4 ] and the BMP binding protein, follistatin (FS) [ 9 ] . In the murine, BMP-4 and -7 mRNA have been identified in the theca interstitial cells [ 4 ] , BMP-6 and -15 in oocytes [ 5 6 7 8 ] , BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB and BMPR-II in oocytes and granulosa cells (GCs) [ 4 ] , and FS in granulosa and lutein cells [ 9 10 ] .
CMV = cytomegalovirus, MCMV = murine cytomegalovirus, MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, PCNA = proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PDGF = platelet derived growth factor, SSc = systemic sclerosis, TGF-β 1 = transforming growth factor-β 1 , TUNEL = terminal TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, α-SMA = α-smooth muscle actin
Figure 3can then represent a very complex network of intramolecular and intermolecular actions controlling the G1/S cell-cycle transition [ 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14], including Cdk2, cyclins A and E, the inhibitor proteins p21 and p27 and inputs from transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulation and DNA damage processes.
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